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Emissivity Table

Material T °C T °F Emissivity
Alloys
20-Ni, 24-CR, 55-FE, Oxidized 200 392 0.90
20-Ni, 24-CR, 55-FE, Oxidized 500 932 0.97
60-Ni, 12-CR, 28-FE, Oxidized 270 518 0.89
60-Ni, 12-CR, 28-FE, Oxidized 560 1040 0.82
80-Ni, 20-CR, Oxidized 100 212 0.87
80-Ni, 20-CR,< > Oxidized 600 1112 0.87
80-Ni, 20-CR, Oxidized 1300 2372 0.89
Aluminium
Unoxidized 25 77 0.02
Unoxidized 100 212 0.03
Unoxidized 500 932 0.06
Oxidized 199 390 0.11
Oxidized 599 1110 0.19
Oxidized at 5< >99°C 199 390 0.11
Oxidized at 5< >99°C 599 1110 0.19
Heavily Oxidi< >zed 93 200 0.20
Heavily Oxidi< >zed 504 940 0.31
Highly Polish< >ed 100 212 0.09
Roughly Poli shed 100 212 0.18
Commercial Sheet 100 212 0.09
Highly Polish ed Plate 227 440 0.04
Highly Polish ed Plate 577 1070 0.06
Bright Rolled Plate 170 338 0.04
Bright Rolled Plate 500 932 0.05
Alloy A3003, Oxidized 316 600 0.40
< > Alloy A3< >003, Oxidized 482 900 0.40
Alloy 1100-0 93-427 200-800 0.05
Alloy 24ST 24 75 0.09
Alloy 24ST P olished 24 75 0.09
Alloy 75ST 24 75 0.11
Alloy 75ST P olished 24 75 0.08
Bismuth, Bri ght 80 176 0.34
Bismuth, Uno xidized 25 77 0.05
Bismuth, Uno xidized 100 212 0.06
Brass
73%Cu.27%Z n. Polished 247 476 0.03
73%Cu.27%Z n. Polished 357 674 0.03
62%Cu.37%Z< >n. Polished 257 494 0.03
62%Cu.37%Z n. Polished 377 710 0.04
83%Cu.17%Z n. Polished 277 530 0.03
Matte 20 68 0.07
Burnished to < >Brown Colour 20 68 0.40
Cu-Zn, Brass< > Oxidized 200 392 0.61
Cu-Zn, Brass< > Oxidized 400 752 0.60
Cu-Zn, Brass< > Oxidized 600 1112 0.61
Unoxidized 25 77 0.04
Unoxidized 100 212 0.04
Cadmium 25 77 0.02
Carbon
Lampblack 25 77 0.95
Unoxidized 25 77 0.81
Unoxidized 100 212 0.81
Unoxidized 500 932 0.79
Candle Soot 121 250 0.95
Filament 260 500 0.95
Graphitized 100 212 0.76
Graphitized 300 572 0.75
Graphitized 500 932 0.71
Chromium 38 100 0.08
Chromium 538 1000 0.26
Chromium Po lished 150 302 0.06
Cobalt. Uno< >xidized 500 932 0.13
Cobalt, Unoxi< >dized 1000 1832 0.23
Columbium, Unoxidized 816 1500 0.19
Columbium.U noxidized 1093 2000 0.24
Copper
Cuprous Oxid< >e 38 100 0.87
Cuprous Oxid< >e 260 500 0.83
Cuprous Oxid e 538 1000 0.77
Black, Oxidiz< >ed 38 100 0.78
Etched 38 100 0.09
Matte 38 100 0.22
Roughly Poli< >shed 38 100 0.07
Polished 38 100 0.03
Highly Polish ed 38 100 0.02
Rolled 38 100 0.64
Rough 38 100 0.74
Molten 538 1000 0.15
Molten 1077 1970 0.16
Molten 1221 2230 0.13
Nickel Plated< > 38-260 100-500 0.37
Dow Metal (18)-316 0-600 0.15
Gold
Enamel 100 212 0.37
Plate (.0001)
on .0005 Silv< >er 93-399 200-750 11-.14
on .0005 Nic< >kel 93-399 200-750 07-.09
Polished 38-260 100-500 0.02
Polished 538-1093 1000-2000 0.03
Haynes Allo< >y C, Oxidized 316-1093 600-2000 .90-.96
Haynes Alloy< > 25, Oxidized 316-1093 600-2000 .86-.89
Haynes Alloy< > X, Oxidized 316-1093 600-2000 .85-.88
Inconel She< >et 538 1000 0.28
Inconel Sheet< > 649 1200 0.42
Inconel Sheet< > 760 1400 0.58
Inconel X, Pol< >ished 24 75 0.19
Inconel B, Po< >lished 24 75 0.21
Iron
Oxidized 100 212 0.74
Oxidized 499 930 0.84
Oxidized 1199 2190 0.89
Unoxidized 100 212 0.05
Red Rust 25 77 0.70
Rusted 25 77 0.65
Liquid 1516-1771 2760-3220 42-.45
Cast Iron
Oxidized 199 390 0.64
Oxidized 599 1110 0.78
Unoxidized < > 100 212 0.21
Stong Oxidati< >on 40 104 0.95
Strong Oxida< >tion 250 482 0.95
Liquid 1535 2795 0.29
Wrought Iron
Dull 25 77 0.94
Dull 349 660 0.94
Smooth 38 100 0.35
Polished 38 100 0.28
Lead
Polished 38-260 100-500 .06-.08
Rough 38 100 0.43
Oxidized 38 100 0.43
Oxidized at 5< >93°C 38 100 0.63
Gray Oxidize< >d 38 100 0.28
Magnesium 38-260 100-500 .07-.13
Magnesium < >Oxide 1027-1727 1880-3140 .16-.20
Mercury 0 32 0.09
Mercury 25 77 0.10
Mercury 38 100 0.10
Mercury 100 212 0.12
Molybdenu m 38 100 0.06
Molybdenum < > 260 500 0.08
Molybdenum < > 538 1000 0.11
Molybdenum < > 1093 2000 0.18
Molybdenum < >Oxidized at 538°C 316 600 0.80
Molybdenum < >Oxidized at 538°C 371 700 0.84
Molybdenum < >Oxidized at 538°C 427 800 0.84
Molybdenum < >Oxidized at 538°C 482 900 0.83
Molybdenum Oxidized at 538°C 538 1000 0.82
Monel, Ni-C< >u 200 392 0.41
Monel, Ni-Cu 400 752 0.44
Monel, Ni-Cu 600 1112 0.46
Monel, Ni-Cu < >Oxidized 20 68 0.43
Monel, Ni-Cu Oxidized at 599°C 599 1110 0.46
Nickel
Polished 38 100 0.05
Oxidized 38-260 100-500 31-.46
Unoxidized 25 77 0.05
Unoxidized 100 212 0.06
Unoxidized 500 932 0.12
Unoxidized 1000 1832 0.19
Electrolytic 38 100 0.04
Electrolytic 260 500 0.06
Electrolytic 538 1000 0.10
Electrolytic < > 1093 2000 0.16
Nickel Oxid e 538-1093 1000-2000 59-.86
Palladium Plate
(.00005 on .0< >005 silver) 93-399 200-750 .16-.17
Platinum 38 100 0.05
Platinum 260 500 0.05
Platinum 538 1000 0.10
Platinum Bla< >ck 38 100 0.93
Platinum Bla< >ck 260 500 0.96
Platinum Bla< >ck 1093 2000 0.97
Platinum Bla ck Oxidized at 593°C 260 500 0.07
Platinum Bla ck Oxidized at 593°C 538 1000 0.11
Rhodium Flash
(.0002 on .00< >05 Ni) 93-371 200-700 10-.18
Silver
Plate (.0005 on Ni) 93-371 200-700 .06-.07
Polished 38 100 0.01
Polished 260 500 0.02
Polished 538 1000 0.03
Polished 1093 2000 0.03
Steel
Cold Rolled < > 93 200 .75-.85
Ground Sheet 938-1099 1720-2010 .55-.61
Polished She< >et 38 100 0.07
Polished She et 260 500 0.10
Polished She et 538 1000 0.14
Mild Steel, P< >olished 24 75 0.10
Mild Steel, Polished Smooth 24 75 0.12
Mild Steel, Li< >quid 1599-1799 2910-3270 0.28
Steel, Unoxid< >ized 100 212 0.08
Steel Oxidize< >d 25 77 0.80
Steel Alloys
Type 301, Po lished 24 75 0.27
Type 301, Po< >lished 232 450 0.57
Type 301, Po< >lished 949 1740 0.55
Type 303, Ox< >idized 316-1093 600-2000 .74-.87
Type 310, Ro< >lled 816-1149 1500-2100 .56-.81
Type 316, Po< >lished 24 75 0.28
Type 316, Po< >lished 232 450 0.57
Type 316, Po< >lished 949 1740 0.66
Type 321 93-427 200-800 .27-.32
Type 321 Poli< >shed 149-816 300-1500 .18-.49
Type 321 w/B< >K Oxide 93-427 200-800 .66-.76
Type 347, Ox idized 316-1093 600-2000 .87-.91
Type 350 93-427 200-800 .18-.27
Type 350, Po lished 149-982 300-1800 .11-.35
Steel Alloys
Type 446, Po lished 149-816 300-1500 .15-.37
Type 17-7PH < > 93-316 200-600 .44-.51
Type 17-7PH < >Polished 149-816 300-1500 .09-.16
Typed020, O< >xidised 316-1093 600-2000 .87-.91
TypePH-15-7 MO 149-649 300-1200 .07-.19
Stellite, Poli< >shed 20 68 0.18
Tantalum
Unoxidized < > 727 1340 0.14
Unoxidized 1093 2000 0.19
Unoxidized 1982 3600 0.26
Unoxidized 2930 5306 0.30
Tin, Unoxidi zed 25 77 0.04
Tin, Unoxidiz< >ed 100 212 0.05
Tinned Iron, Bright 24 76 0.05
Tinned Iron B< >right 100 212 0.08
Titanium
AlloyCIIOM, < >Polished 149-649 300-1200 .08-.19
Alloy C110M, Oxidised at 538° 93-427 200-800 .51-.61
Alloy T1-95A Oxidised at 538° 93-427 200-800 .35-.48
Anodized ont< >o SS 93-316 200-600 .96-.82
Tungsten
Unoxidized 25 77 0.02
Unoxidized < > 100 212 0.03
Unoxidized 500 932 0.07
Unoxidized 1000 1832 0.15
Unoxidized 1500 2732 0.23
Unoxidized 2000 3632 0.28
Filament (Ag< >ed) 38 100 0.03
Filament (Ag< >ed) 538 1000 0.11
Filament (Ag< >ed) 2760 5000 0.35
Uranium Ox< >ide 1027 1880 0.79
Zinc
Bright Galvan< >ized 38 100 0.23
Commercial < >99.1 % 260 500 0.05
Galvanized 38 100 0.28
Oxidized 260-538 500-1000 0.11
Polished 38 100 0.02
Polished 260 500 0.03
Polished 538 1000 0.04
Polished 1093 2000 0.06
OTHER MATERIALS
Material
Adobe 20 68 0.90
Asbestos
Board 38 100 0.96
Cement 0-200 32-392 0.96
Cement Red < > 1371 2500 0.67
Cement Whit< >e 1371 2500 0.65
Cloth 93 199 0.90
Paper 38-371 100-700 0.93
Slate 20 68 0.97
Asphalt, pav ement 38 100 0.93
Asphalt, tar p< >aper 20 68 0.93
Basalt 20 68 0.72
Brick
Red, rough 21 70 0.93
Gault Cream 1371-2760 2500-5000 .26-.30
FireClay 1371 2500 0.75
Light Buff 538 1000 0.80
Lime Clay 1371 2500 0.43
Fire Brick 1000 1832 .75-.80
Magnesite, R< >efractory 1000 1832 0.38
Gray Brick 1100 2012 0.75
Silica, Glaz ed 1093 2000 0.88
Silica, Ungla< >zed 1093 2000 0.80
Sandlime 1371-2760 2500-5000 .59-.63
Carborundu m 1010 1850 0.92
Ceramic
Alumina on In< >conel 427-1093 800-2000 .69-.45
Earthenware, Glazed 21 70 0.90
Earthenware, Matte 21 70 0.93
Greens No. 5< >210-2C 93-399 200-750 .89-.82
Coating No. < >C20A 93-399 200-750 .73-.87
Porcelain 22 72 0.92
White Alumin< >ium Oxide 93 200 0.90
Zirconia on In< >conel 427-1093 800-2000 .62-.45
Clay 20 68 0.39
Clay Fired 70 158 0.91
Clay Shale < > 20 68 0.69
Clay Tiles, Li< >ght Red 1371-2760 2500-5000 .32-.34
Clay Tiles, R< >ed 1371-2760 2500-5000 .40-.51
Clay Tiles, D< >ark Purple 1371-2760 2500-5000 0.78
Concrete
Rough 0-1093 32-2000 0.94
Tiles, Natural< > 1371-2760 2500-5000 .63-.62
Tiles, Brown < > 1371-2760 2500-5000 .87-.83
Tiles Black 1371-2760 2500-5000 .94-.91
Cotton Cloth 20 68 0.77
Dolomite Li< >me 20 68 0.41
Emery Coru< >ndum 80 176 0.86
Glass
Convex D 100 212 0.80
Convex D 316 600 0.80
Convex D 500 932 0.76
Nonex 100 212 0.82
Nonex 316 600 0.82
Nonex 500 932 0.78
Smooth 0-93 32-200 .92-.94
Granite 21 70 0.45
Gravel 38 100 0.28
Gypsum 20 68 80-90
Ice, Smooth< > 0 32 0.97
Ice Rough 0 32 0.96
Lacquer
Black 93 200 0.96
Blue, on Alu< >minum Foil 38 100 0.78
Clear, on Alu minum Foil (2 coat) 93 200 08(.09)
Clear, on Brig< >ht Copper 93 200 0.66
Clear, on Tarnished Copper 93 200 0.64
Red, on Aluminum Foil (2 coat) 38 100 61(.74)
White 93 200 0.95
White, on Alu minum Foil (2 coat) 38 100 69(.88)
Yellow, on Al uminum Foil (2 coat) 38 100 57(.79)
Lime Mortar< > < > 38-260 100-500 90-.92
Limestone 38 100 0.95
Marble, White 38 100 0.95
Marble, Smo< >oth, White 38 100 0.56
Marble, Polis< >hed Gray 38 100 0.75
Oil on Nickel
.001 Film 22 72 0.27
.002 Film 22 72 0.46
.005 Film 22 72 0.72
Thick Film 22 72 0.82
Oil, Linseed
On Aluminum< > Foil, uncoated 121 250 0.09
On Aluminum< > Foil, 1 coat 121 250 0.56
On Aluminum< > Foil, 2 coats 121 250 0.51
On Polished I< >ron, .001 Film 38 100 0.22
On Polished I< >ron, .002 Film 38 100 0.45
On Polished Iron, .004 Film 38 100 0.83
On Polished Iron, Thick Film 38 100
Paints
Blue, Cu2 -0 3 24 75 0.94
Black, CuO 24 75 0.96
Green, Cu2 0 < >3 24 75 0.92
Red, Fe2 0 3 < > 24 75 0.91
White AI2 -0 3 < > 24 75 0.94
White Y2 0 3 24 75 0.90
White ZnO 24 75 0.95
White MgC03 24 75 0.91
White, Zr02 < > 24 75 0.95
White Th02 24 75 0.90
White MgO 2 4 75 0.91
White PbC03 24 75 0.93
Yellow, PbO < > 24 75 0.90
Yellow PbCr0 4 24 75 0.93
Paints, Alu< >minum 38 100 .27-67
10% Al 38 100 0.52
20% Al 38 100 0.30
Dow XP-310 93 200 0.22
Paints, Bron< >ze Low Low .34-.80
Gum Varnis h (2 coats) 21 70 0.53
Gum Varnish< > (3 coats) 21 70 0.50
Cellulose Bin der (2 coats) 21 70 0.34
Paints, Oil
All colours 93 200 .92-.96
Black 93 200 0.92
Black Gloss 21 70 0.30
Camouflage < >Green 52 125 0,85
Flat Black 27 80 0.88
Flat White 27 80 0.91
Gray-Green 21 70 0.95
Green 93 200 0.95
Lamp Black < > 98 209 0.96
Red 93 200 0.95
White 93 200 0.94
Quartz, Rou< >gh, Fused 21 70 0.93
Glass, 1.96 < >mm 282 540 0.90
Glass, 1.96 < >mm 838 1540 0.41
Glass, 6.88 < >mm 282 540 0.93
Glass, 6.88 < >mm 838 1540 0.47
Opaque 299 570 0.92
Opaque 838 1540 0.68
Red Lead 100 212 0.93
Rubber, Har< >d 23 74 0.94
Rubber, Soft,< > Gray 24 76 0.86
Sand 20 68 0.76
Sandstone 38 100 0.67
Sandstone R< >ed 38 100 .60-.83
Sawdust 20 68 0.75
Shale 20 68 0.69
Silica Glazed< > 1000 1832 0.85
Silica Unglazed 1100 2012 0.75
Silicon Carb< >ide 149-649 300-1200 .83-.96
Silk Cloth < > 20 68 0.78
Slate 38 100 .67-.80
Snow, Fine < >Particles -7 20 0.82
Snow Granul ar -8 18 0.89
Soil
Surface 38 100 0.38
Black Loam < > 20 68 0.66
Plowed Field < > 20 68 0.38
Soot
Acetylene 24 75 0.97
Camphor 24 75 0.94
Candle 121 250 0.95
Coal 20 68 0.95
Stonework 38 100 0.93
Water 38 100 0.67
Waterglass< 20 68 0.96
Wood Low Low .80-.90
Beech, Planed 70 158 0.94
Oak, Planed 38 100 0.91
Spruce, Sanded 38 100 0.89

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